亚甲基蓝/光化学法辅助治疗慢性牙周炎对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的影响

目的研究亚甲基蓝/光化学法辅助治疗慢性牙周炎对牙龈卟啉单胞菌(Porphyromonas gingivalis,Pg)检出率的变化。方法经伦理委员会同意后,本研究拟筛选出45例慢性牙周炎患者(每位患者经过详细牙周检查及X线检查后确认为牙周炎,有4个以上≥5 mm的牙周袋并分布在2个以上口腔区域),随机分3组:其中A组在SRP之后接受1次PERIOWAVE光化学治疗,B组在SRP后接受1次PERIOWAVE治疗以及在6周后再一次接受光化学治疗,而SRP组仅接受SRP治疗,各组患者取治疗前后相同4个位点龈下菌斑,聚合酶链式反应(Poly-merase chain reaction,PCR)检测Pg,观察Pg菌的检出率,采用卡方检验,并计算χ2值。结果 SRP组、A组、B组3组各组治疗后均较治疗前检出率降低(P<0.001),A组与SRP组治疗后比较差异无统计学意义[A组:40%(24/60),SRP组:45%(27/60),χ2=1.4815,P>0.05],B组与SRP治疗后比较检出率降低[SRP组:45%(27/60),B组:20%(12/60)χ2=8.547,P<0.01];B组与A组治疗后比较检出率降低[A组:40%(24/60),B组:20%(12/60),χ2=5.7143,P<0.05]。结论亚甲基蓝/光化学法辅助治疗慢性牙周炎后牙龈卟啉单胞菌的检出率较治疗前降低;结合临床试验结果,尚可认为2次激光疗效较1次激光好。     

Insecticide susceptibility and resistance of Culex tritaeniorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae collected from Gwangju,Republic of Korea

The susceptibility of Culex tritaeniorhynchus collected from Gwangju, Jeollabuk Province, Republic of Korea (ROK) to insecticides was evaluated under laboratory conditions using ten insecticides (7 pyrethroids and 3 organophosphates) that are currently applied by local public health centers in the ROK. Based on the values of median lethal concentration (LC₅₀), Cx. tritaeniorhynchus larvae were most susceptible to chlorpyrifos (0.006 ppm), fenitrothion (0.022 ppm), fenthion (0.035 ppm) and bifenthrin (0.038 ppm), and were least susceptible to esbiol (1.722 ppm). In comparative resistance tests, the resistance ratios (RRs) of seven insecticides were compared among each other using two strains of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus that were collected from the same locality during 1992 and 2010. Culex tritaeniorhynchus demonstrated significantly increased RRs to pyrethroids over time, while demonstrating decreased RRs among the organophosphates. Among the pyrethroids, permethrin had the highest RR values of 182.1‐ and 833.3‐fold differences, followed by etofenprox with RRs of 138.4‐ and 224.1‐fold differences in values of LC₅₀ and concentration that produced 90% mortality (LC₉₀), respectively. Culex tritaeniorhynchus strains demonstrated the least amount of change in susceptibility to the organophosphates, chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion and fenthion with 0.020‐, 0.019‐ and 0.001‐fold differences in resistance ratios (RRLC₅₀), respectively.     

Black light trap collections in Wangging county and Yanji city,Jilin Province,China, August 2006–2007

Adult mosquito surveillance was conducted using black light traps in August of 2006 and 2007 at Wangging county and Yanji city, Jilin Province, China to identify the distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in northern China. A total of 2459 female mosquitoes comprising three genera and eight species including Anopheles (Anopheles) lesteri, An. (Ano.) kleini, An. (Ano.) pullus, Culex inatomii, Cx. orientalis, Cx. pipiens, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus and Aedes vexans nipponii were collected. The most commonly collected species was An. kleini which had not been previously reported from China. Anopheles sinensis sensu stricto is commonly collected throughout China, but was not collected from these areas.     

PROTASPIDES OF UPPER CAMBRIAN APHELASPIS (PTYCHOPARIIDA, TRILOBITA) AND RELATED SPECIES WITH THEIR TAXONOMIC IMPLICATIONS

Abstract:  The ontogeny of Aphelaspis brachyphasis is illustrated and described on the basis of newly discovered silicified material from the McGill section, Nevada, USA. Protaspides of three other Aphelaspis species are redescribed. Of ptychopariide species for which protaspides have been documented, the protaspides of those previously considered to be closely related to Aphelaspis are illustrated herein. Protaspides of Aphelaspis are most similar to those of Olenus , supporting previous taxonomic suggestions that the Aphelaspidinae is closely related to the Olenidae and may be assigned to the Olenacea. The protaspides of Housia share few similarities with those of Aphelaspis , contradicting the hypothesis that these genera are placed together within the Pterocephaliidae.     

A Model Approach for Studying Race: Provocative Theory, Sound Science, and Very Good History

The Problem of Race in the Twenty-First Century. Thomas C. Holt. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002. 146 pp.
Race in Mind: Race, IQ, and Other Racisms. Alexander Alland Jr. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2002. 219 pp.
The Funding of Scientific Racism: Wickliffe Draper and the Pioneer Fund. William H. Tucker. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2002. 286 pp.